Python 开发规范

JeremyJone ... 2024-6-18 大约 2 分钟

# Python 开发规范

作者：jeremyjone

日期：2019.7.9

版本：v1.1

版权：FFM TD

This rule defines the basic rules for python code, Developers need to follow this rule to develop. All python code for FFM needs to follow this rule.

# For Environment

【compulsory】Try not to change the production environment, if necessary change, need to apply, Amendments may be made only after the application is approved.
【compulsory】If a new package needs to be installed, it needs to be submitted with SVN updates and tell everyone.

# For Style

【compulsory】Should be follow Pythonic style. PEP8 format.
【compulsory】Code is strictly prohibited to use pinyin and English mixed way, not to allow direct use of the Chinese way. Explanation: correct English spelling and grammar can make readers understand easily and avoid ambiguity. Note that even pure pinyin naming should be avoided.

【compulsory】Every methods, variables name should be meaningful, use descriptive names with one or more simple English words by camelCaseStyle.

def pythonFunction():
    varNum = 1
    varStr = 'a'
    vardict = dict()
    pyFuncAttr = "python function attribute"

1
2
3
4
5

【compulsory】Class name must be start with a capital letter, overall use camel case style. And there should be _init__() constructors.
```
class PythonClassCode(object):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
```
1
2
3
【compulsory】Private members should be represented by a double underscore.
```
__privateNum = 1
def __privateFunction():
    pass
```
1
2
3
【compulsory】Constant name all uppercase, words with underline between, strive to semantic expression complete and clear, not too long name.
```
MAX_COUNT = 10
MAX_LETTER_PER_LINE = 80
```
1
2
【compulsory】Avoid abbreviations that are completely unregulated, condition "abbreviation" is named condi. Such arbitrary abbreviations seriously reduce the readability of the code.
【suggestion】Single letter strings should use single quotation marks.
```
oneLetter = 'a'
```
1
【suggestion】Double quotation marks should be used for multi-letter strings.
```
moreLetter = "abc"
```
1

【suggestion】Create empty dict, list, tuple, don't use {}, [], (), expect to use dict(), list(), tuple()

# Wrong
myDict = {}
myList = []
myTuple = ()

# Right
myDict = dict()
myList = list()
myTuple = tuple()

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

# For Format

【compulsory】4 Spaces are indented. TAB characters are not allowed. If TAB indentation is used, one TAB must be set to four Spaces.
【compulsory】An empty line of functions within the class. Two lines between different class.
【compulsory】Empty two lines between the import package statement and the function or class.

【compulsory】The contents of dict, list, or tuple must be presented in multiple lines if they exceed 80 characters.

listContent = [
    "first",
    "second",
    "third"
]

dictContent = {
    a = '1',
    b = '2',
    c = '3'
}

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

【compulsory】Comments line must be above the commented code.
```
# Comments line
pythonCode = "python code"
```
1
2

【suggestion】Comments in class, function should be used Document string.

 class pythonClass(object):
    """class comment. (Document string)"""
    def __init__():
        pass

    def clsFunc(arg1, arg2):
        """
        this function comment. (Document string)

        :param arg1: ...
        :param arg2: ...
        :return: ...
        """
        pass

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

【suggestion】The code should be clear enough, and the comments should be detailed enough to help us understand the code better. Comments help us understand and maintain code better. If the code is simple and clear enough, no comments are required. Conversely, if the code is logically complex, detailed comments are required.

# For Test

【compulsory】All modules should have independent unit testing capabilities.
【compulsory】Test units should not call and depend on each other, nor can it depend on the order of execution.
【compulsory】Unit tests are repeatable and cannot be affected by the environment.

JavaScript 开发规范 Vue 开发规范